What is the method of open end spinning?
Also known as Break Spinning, Rotor Spinning, or Turbo Spinning, this technique is similar in principle to spinning a clothes dryer full of sheets. If you could open the door and pull out a sheet, it would spin and twist as you pull it out. The filament goes from the opening machine directly to the rotor without going through the initial twisting stage usual in ring spinning, is isolated into yarns and emerges wound on a bobbin and ready to go to the next step.
Open end spinning technology is considered one of the final spinning techniques used in the production of cotton threads and is characterized by increasing production and reducing the economic cost, and in view of the weak spread of open end spinning technology and the limited production despite its low cost and the impact of its use in producing cotton threads of different types on their properties. And its functional performance compared to traditional ring spinning. Several researches were conducted with the aim of studying the production of different cotton yarns with the open-end spinning system with better properties in functional performance and economic cost.
In one of the studies conducted in Egypt in 2020 and published by the Arab Society for Islamic Civilization and Arts, (12) samples of cotton threads of different types and composition were produced with the open-end spinning system, and (6) samples of cotton threads of the same type were produced with the ring-spinning system with different types of threads. 1/30 1/16 1/20 1/24 1/6.5 1/4 Various tests were conducted on the yarns to clarify the effect of using open-end spinning in producing the yarns under study compared to the ring-spinning technique in their production, and the results showed a clear difference in some yarn tests, such as The tensile strength, the coefficient of variation, the incidence of knots, thick and thin areas, and the rate of irregularity in the produced yarns. The importance of the research appeared in determining the best types of yarns that are produced with the open-end spinning system and is reflected in their functional performance, after analyzing the results of the tests statistically.
Among the results, the tensile strength and RKM values for the material 50% cotton + 50% exhaust were higher than for the material with combed cotton exhaust, and the values of the incidence of knots, the values of thick places, and the values of thin places were lower for the material 50% cotton + 50% exhaust than for the material combed cotton exhaust. For all open-end samples, the irregularity rate for the material 50% cotton + 50% exhaust was lower than for the material combed cotton exhaust for all open-end samples. The quality parameters for all research samples showed that sample No. 12 produced with the open-end system was made of the material 50% cotton + 50% exhaust. The thread number 4/1 with a quality factor of (94.56%) is the best, followed in second place by sample No. 10 produced using the open-end system of material 50% cotton + 50% exhaust, and the thread number is 6.5/1 with a quality factor of (93.64%) and in third place it came. Sample No. 18, produced using the ring-spinning system, made of the material cotton and thread number 4/1, with a quality factor of (91.91%), while sample No. 13, produced using the ring-spinning system, made of the material cotton and thread number 30/1, came in last place with a quality factor (31.23%).
This leads us to an important point in the field of developing the spinning industry, which is the importance of the continuous process of research and experimentation, and not relying on stereotyping and relying on old methods, while maintaining fundamentalism as a reference and a basic pillar during the course of the industrial process. Research and experimentation always lead us to discover new products with the best quality and lowest cost, which opens horizons. Always moving towards development and achieving more successes.
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